Beck P., Caudullo G., de Rigo D., Tinner W. (2016): Betula pendula, Betula pubescens and other birches in Europe: Distribution, habitat, usage and threats. In: San-Miguel-Ayanz J., de Rigo D., Caudullo G., Houston Durrant T., Mauri A. (eds.): European Atlas of Forest Tree Species. Luxembourg, Publication Office of the European Union: 70–73. Bielak K., Dudzińska M., Pretzsch H. (2014): Mixed stands of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst] can be more productive than monocultures. Evidence from over 100 years of observation of long-term experiments. Forest Systems, 23: 573–589. https://doi.org/10.5424/fs/2014233-06195 Bilous M.M., Pihalo O.V., Bilous V.M. (2012): Composition of forest crops on abandoned agricultural land of East Polissia. Scientific reports of NULES of Ukraine, 7. Available at: https://nd.nubip.edu.ua/2012_7/12bmm.pdf (in Ukrainian). Debryniuk Iu., Myklush Yu. (2021): Influence of Betula pendula Roth. on mensurational indices of Pinus sylvestris L. in forest plantations of fresh soil conditions of Western Polissia. Proceedings of the Forestry Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 23: 79–90. (in Ukrainian) Dubois H., Verkasalo E., Claessens H. (2020): Potential of birch (Betula pendula Roth and B. pubescens Ehrh.) for forestry and forest-based industry sector within the changing climatic and socio-economic context of Western Europe. Forests, 11: 336. https://doi.org/10.3390/f11030336 EUFORGEN (2009): Distribution map of silver birch (Betula pendula). Available at: https://www.euforgen.org/species/betula-pendula/ Felton A., Lindbladh M., Brunet J., Fritz Ö. (2010): Replacing coniferous monocultures with mixed-species production stands: An assessment of the potential benefits for forest biodiversity in northern Europe. Forest Ecology and Management, 260: 939–947. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.06.011 Felton A., Nilsson U., Sonesson J., Felton A.M., Roberge J.M., Ranius T., Ahlström M., Bergh J., Björkman C., Boberg J., Drössler L., Fahlvik N., Gong P., Holmström E., Keskitalo E.C.H., Klapwijk M.J., Laudon H., Lundmark T., Niklasson M., Nordin A., Pettersson M., Stenlid J., Sténs A., Wallertz K. (2016): Replacing monocultures with mixed-species stands: Ecosystem service implications of two production forest alternatives in Sweden. Ambio, 45: 124–139. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-015-0749-2 Gonchar V.M, Kopiy L.I, Klimenko O.M, Kopiy S.L. (2018): Osoblyvosti formuvannia vysokoproduktyvnykh berezovo-sosnovykh derevostaniv Zakhidnoho Polissia. Available at: http://ep3.nuwm.edu.ua/id/eprint/13017 (in Ukrainian). Gordiyenko M.I., Gordiyenko N.M. (2005): Lisivnychi vlastyvosti derevnykh roslyn. Kyiv, Vistka: 816. (in Ukrainian) GUS (Central Statistical Office) (2016): Forestry. Available at: https://stat.gov.pl/en/topics/agriculture-forestry/forestry/forestry-2016,1,7.html# Hammer Ø., Harper D.A.T., Ryan P.D. (2001): PAST: paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontologia Electronica, 4: 1–9. Hansson K., Olsson B.A., Olsson M., Johansson U., Kleja D.B. (2011): Differences in soil properties in adjacent stands of Scots pine, Norway spruce and silver birch in SW Sweden. Forest Ecology and Management, 262: 522–530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.04.021 Hrom M.M. (2007): Lisova taksatsiya. Lviv, RVV NLTU: 416. (in Ukrainian) Huuskonen S., Domisch T., Finér L., Hantula J., Hynynen J., Matala J., Miina J., Neuvonen S., Nevalainen S., Niemistö P., Nikula A., Piri T., Siitonen J., Smolander A., Tonteri T., Uotila K., Viiri H. (2021): What is the potential for replacing monocultures with mixed-species stands to enhance ecosystem services in boreal forests in Fennoscandia? Forest Ecology and Management, 479: 118558. Hynynen J., Niemistö P., Viherä-Aarnio A., Brunner A., Hein S., Velling P. (2010): Silviculture of birch (Betula pendula Roth and Betula pubescens Ehrh.) in northern Europe. Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research, 83: 103–119. https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpp035 Konôpka B., Pajtík J., Šebeň V., Merganičová K., Surový P. (2020): Silver birch aboveground biomass allocation pattern, stem and foliage traits with regard to intraspecific crown competition. Central Eurorean Forestry Journal, 66: 159–169. https://doi.org/10.2478/forj-2020-0013 Krasnov V.P., Kucherenko N.P. (2008): Characteristic of birch plantations in Zhytomir region on the base of the data of forest management. Scientific Bulletin of UNFU, 18.11: 103–109. (in Ukrainian) Lachowicz H., Wysocka-Fijorek E., Paschalis-Jakubowicz P. (2016): Silver birch timber market in Poland in 2008–2012. Sylwan, 160: 971–980. Luk’yanets V., Tarnopilska O., Obolonyk I., Musienko S., Bondarenko V., Kolenkina M. (2019): The impact of Heterobasidion root rot on the density, growing stock volume, and health condition of Scots pine and silver birch stands in Volyn Polissya zone, Ukraine. Forestry Ideas, 25: 70–90. Lygis V., Vasiliauskas R., Stenlid J., Vasiliauskas A. (2004): Silvicultural and pathological evaluation of Scots pine afforestations mixed with deciduous trees to reduce the infections by Heterobasidion annosum s.s. Forest Ecology and Management, 201: 275–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.07.013 Matushevich L.M, Lakida P.I, Vasilishin R.D. (2009): Perspektyvy enerhetychnoho vykorystannia berezovykh lisiv Polissia Ukrainy. Scientific Herald of NULES of Ukraine, 135: 231–237. (in Ukrainian) Meshkova V., Koshelyaeva Y. (2015): Silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) in the forests of the Left-bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine. Forestry and Forest Melioration, 126: 74−80. Moroz V.V., Shevchuk N.I., Rudenko O.M. (2016): Vuhlet-sepohlynalna ta kysnetvirna rol lisovykh nasadzhen Khmelnytskoi oblasti. Balanced Nature Management, 4: 79–83. (in Ukrainian) Niemistö P., Viherä-Aarnio A., Velling P., Heräjärvi H., Verkasalo E. (2008): Koivun kasvatus ja käyttö. Hämeenlinna, Metsäkustannus Oy: 254. (in Finnish) Oksanen E. (2021): Birch as a model species for the acclimation and adaptation of northern forest ecosystem to changing environment. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, 4: 682512. https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2021.682512 Rastogi S., Pandey M.M., Rawat A.K.S. (2015): Medicinal plants of the genus Betula – Traditional uses and a phytochemical-pharmacological review. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 159: 62–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2014.11.010 Schua K., Wende S., Wagner S., Feger K.H. (2015): Soil chemical and microbial properties in a mixed stand of spruce and birch in the Ore Mountains (Germany) – A case study. Forests, 6: 1949–1965. https://doi.org/10.3390/f6061949 Tkach V., Tarnopilska О., Kobets O., Luk’yanets V., Rumiantsev M., Obolonyk I., Musienko S. (2020): Harmfulness of root rot in the stands planted on formerly arable land and clear-cuts after annosum-infected pine forests in Chernihiv Polissya physiographic region of Ukraine. Central European Forestry Journal, 66: 37–48. https://doi.org/10.2478/forj-2019-0025